Word Frequency (Worthäufigkeit) #111
Word (Wort)

muss

Translation (Übersetzung) must, has to
Pronunciation (Aussprache) /mʊs/
A1
Verbs
Beginner
Neutral
Tags (Tags)
grammar most-common verb modal necessity obligation
First and third person singular present tense of 'müssen' (to have to, must). Modal verb expressing necessity or obligation. One hundred and eleventh most frequent word in German.

muss - German Verbs - muss Meaning - muss Translation - muss Verbs Examples

muss is a German Verbs

Learn muss meaning, translation, pronunciation, and usage examples. muss is classified as a Verb in German grammar.

muss Examples (Beispiele) in English

muss examples with English translations. See how to use muss in sentences. muss example sentences in English below.

Ich muss jetzt gehen.
I must go now.
necessity
Er muss lernen.
He must study.
obligation
Sie muss arbeiten.
She must work.
necessity
Es muss sein.
It must be.
inevitability
Man muss vorsichtig sein.
One must be careful.
general obligation
Ich muss nicht kommen.
I don't have to come.
lack of obligation
Er muss noch warten.
He still has to wait.
ongoing obligation
Sie muss das verstehen.
She must understand that.
necessity

muss Conjugations (Konjugationen)

muss conjugation (muss Konjugation) in all German tenses: Präsens (Present), Präteritum (Past), Perfekt (Perfect), Futur I & II, Konjunktiv I & II, and Imperativ (Imperative). Learn how to conjugate muss with our complete conjugation table below.

Present Tense (Präsens)

ich
muss
du
musst
er/sie/es
muss
wir
müssen
ihr
müsst
sie/Sie
müssen

Simple Past (Präteritum)

ich
musste
du
musstest
er/sie/es
musste
wir
mussten
ihr
musstet
sie/Sie
mussten

Perfect Tense (Perfekt)

ich
habe gemusst
du
hast gemusst
er/sie/es
hat gemusst
wir
haben gemusst
ihr
habt gemusst
sie/Sie
haben gemusst

Future I (Futur I)

ich
werde müssen
du
wirst müssen
er/sie/es
wird müssen
wir
werden müssen
ihr
werdet müssen
sie/Sie
werden müssen

Future II (Futur II)

ich
werde gemusst haben
du
wirst gemusst haben
er/sie/es
wird gemusst haben
wir
werden gemusst haben
ihr
werdet gemusst haben
sie/Sie
werden gemusst haben

Imperative (Imperativ)

müssen Sie

Subjunctive I (Konjunktiv I)

ich
müsse
du
müssest
er/sie/es
müsse
wir
müssen
ihr
müsset
sie/Sie
müssen

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II)

ich
müsste
du
müsstest
er/sie/es
müsste
wir
müssten
ihr
müsstet
sie/Sie
müssten

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt)

ich
hatte gemusst
du
hattest gemusst
er/sie/es
hatte gemusst
wir
hatten gemusst
ihr
hattet gemusst
sie/Sie
hatten gemusst

muss Word Family - muss Related Words - muss Family Members

muss Word Family (Wortfamilie)

muss word family includes related words, derivatives, and word forms. Learn muss family members with meanings, translations, and usage. Explore muss related words and expand your German vocabulary.

Plural Form (Plural Form)
müssen
Meaning: must (we/you plural/they)
Usage: must (first/third person plural present)
Example: Wir müssen lernen.
Verb
Second Person Plural (Zweite Person Plural)
musst
Meaning: must (you plural)
Usage: must (second person plural present)
Example: Ihr müsst lernen.
Verb
Subjunctive Form (Konjunktiv II Form)
musste
Meaning: would have to, should have to
Usage: would have to (subjunctive, less certain, more polite)
Example: Ich müsste lernen.
Verb
Related Modal Verb (Verwandtes Modalverb)
soll
Meaning: should, is supposed to
Usage: should (weaker obligation vs. necessity)
Example: Ich soll lernen.
Verb
sollte
Meaning: should, ought to
Usage: should (weaker obligation, recommendation vs. necessity)
Example: Ich sollte lernen.
Verb
kann
Meaning: can, is able to
Usage: can (ability vs. necessity)
Example: Ich kann lernen.
Verb
darf
Meaning: may, is allowed to
Usage: may (permission vs. necessity)
Example: Ich darf lernen.
Verb
will
Meaning: wants to
Usage: wants to (desire vs. necessity)
Example: Ich will lernen.
Verb
Opposite Expression (Gegenteiliger Ausdruck)
muss nicht
Meaning: doesn't have to, need not
Usage: doesn't have to (lack of obligation vs. necessity)
Example: Ich muss nicht lernen.
Phrase
Alternative Expression (Alternative Ausdruck)
hat zu
Meaning: has to
Usage: has to (alternative expression, same meaning)
Example: Er hat zu lernen.
Phrase

muss Usage - muss Collocations - muss Idioms - muss Synonyms - muss Antonyms

muss Usage & Related Words (Verwendung & verwandte Wörter)

Learn how to use muss in context. Discover muss collocations (common word combinations), idioms, synonyms, and antonyms. Master muss usage patterns and expand your German vocabulary with related words.

muss Collocations (Kollokationen)

muss collocations are common word combinations that native speakers use. Learn muss word combinations and how to use muss with other words naturally.

muss sein
must be, has to be
High frequency
muss gehen
must go, has to go
High frequency
muss machen
must do, has to do
High frequency
muss kommen
must come, has to come
High frequency
muss lernen
must learn, has to learn
High frequency
muss arbeiten
must work, has to work
High frequency
muss bleiben
must stay, has to stay
High frequency
muss bezahlen
must pay, has to pay
High frequency
muss warten
must wait, has to wait
High frequency
muss sagen
must say, has to say
High frequency
muss sehen
must see, has to see
High frequency
muss finden
must find, has to find
High frequency
muss verstehen
must understand, has to understand
High frequency
muss aufpassen
must pay attention, has to be careful
High frequency
muss aufhören
must stop, has to stop
High frequency
muss entscheiden
must decide, has to decide
High frequency
muss nicht
doesn't have to, need not
High frequency
man muss
one must, you have to
High frequency
es muss
it must, it has to
High frequency
muss noch
still must, still has to
High frequency

muss Idioms (Redewendungen)

muss idioms and expressions. Learn German idioms containing muss with meanings and explanations. Master muss expressions used in everyday German.

es muss sein
it must be, it has to be
Expressing necessity or inevitability
man muss
one must, you have to
Expressing general obligation or necessity
muss nicht
doesn't have to, need not
Expressing lack of obligation (not the same as 'must not')
muss noch
still must, still has to
Expressing ongoing obligation
muss gehen
must go, has to go
Expressing necessity to leave or move
muss sein
must be, has to be
Expressing necessity or requirement
muss machen
must do, has to do
Expressing necessity to perform an action
muss kommen
must come, has to come
Expressing necessity to arrive or attend
muss lernen
must learn, has to learn
Expressing necessity to study or acquire knowledge
muss arbeiten
must work, has to work
Expressing necessity to work or perform labor

muss Synonyms (Synonyme)

muss synonyms - words with similar meanings. Find alternative words for muss and expand your German vocabulary. Learn muss similar words and their usage.

müsste
Meaning: would have to, should have to
High similarity
soll
Meaning: should, is supposed to
Medium similarity
sollte
Meaning: should, ought to
Medium similarity
hat zu
Meaning: has to
High similarity
ist gezwungen
Meaning: is forced to, is compelled to
Medium similarity

muss Antonyms (Antonyme)

muss antonyms - opposite words. Learn words with opposite meanings to muss. Discover muss opposite words and expand your German vocabulary.

muss nicht
Meaning: doesn't have to, need not
kann
Meaning: can, is able to
darf
Meaning: may, is allowed to
will nicht
Meaning: doesn't want to

muss Semantically Related Words - muss Contextually Related Words - muss Thematically Related Words

muss Semantically Related Words (Semantisch verwandte Wörter)

muss semantically related words - words that are conceptually or thematically related to muss. Explore muss related vocabulary and discover words in the same semantic field. Learn muss contextually related words to expand your German vocabulary.

müssen musst müsst musste müsste gemusst soll sollte kann darf will muss nicht hat zu ist gezwungen Modalverb Notwendigkeit Verpflichtung

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